... hours.¹

Table 1 does not include reading and writing operations since they do not use a pathname in the file system function. In the file system, a lookup operation precedes every read of an existing file.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

... bugs.²

This time was actually spent while writing another more complex stackable file system, Cryptfs, which encrypts files transparently.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

... Am-utils³

Am-Utils is the new version of the Berkeley Automounter available from http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~ezk/am-utils/.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

... call.⁴

It also consumes at least 1000 more inodes per managed directory, but that is small compared to the rest of the news spool; the latter is often formatted with millions of inodes.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

... server.⁵

Even if the number of large newsgroups is small, they often represent at least one quarter of all spool files -- a significant portion -- thus worth managing by Usenetfs.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

... Reiserfs⁶

http://www.idiom.com/~beverly/reiserfs.html

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.